National ICH: Bamboo papermaking technology

The bamboo papermaking technology, also known as Xishan papermaking technology, hails from Jiangle county, Sanming city in Fujian province. It has been recognized as a national-level intangible cultural heritage project under the traditional craftsmanship category.

With a history spanning over a millennium, Xishan paper gained fame during the Tang (618-907) and Song (960-1279) Dynasties, as chronicled in the General Annals of Fujian. Renowned for its unique raw materials and intricate processes, Xishan paper has garnered acclaim domestically and internationally.

Made from tender bamboo rich in soft fibers, the Xishan papermaking process consists of 28 meticulous steps including cutting, stripping, soaking, and more. The resulting paper is fine, flexible, glossy, and highly durable, making it ideal for restoring and printing ancient texts.

During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong designated Xishan paper for printing books. Since then, it has been exported to over 20 countries, including Japan, Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia.

Listed in the national traditional craft revitalization catalog, Xishan papermaking technology embodies ancient Chinese papermaking techniques. It holds significant historical, cultural, and scientific value contributing to the preservation and advancement of traditional papermaking in Fujian and China.