Intangible cultural heritage becomes academic subject

Editing of China's first batch of textbooks on the subject of intangible cultural heritage began at Tianjin University late last month. According to the university, the first three are expected to be completed by the end of this year, and the first group of postgraduate students to use them will be enrolled this September.

The country's first postgraduate program in the interdisciplinary subject of intangible cultural heritage was approved in October, taking it to a new level.

Under the guidance of renowned 80-year-old author and folk art researcher Feng Jicai, 12 experts make up the editorial task force and have begun working on the first batch of textbooks, which will cover general knowledge, folk art and oral histories from inheritors of intangible cultural heritage.

"The educational programs of intangible cultural heritage in China are in critical need of theoretical and systematic support," said Zheng Gang, vice-president of Tianjin University. "Despite having accumulated much experience in the exploration and practice of intangible cultural heritage theoretical studies have fallen behind practice."

China has recognized more than 100,000 examples of intangible cultural heritage at the town, city, provincial, and national levels, the largest single number in the world.

There are 1,557 examples of national level intangible cultural heritage and 6,819 at the village level, according to the Guangming Daily newspaper.

"We can find enough inheritors around China to keep each example of intangible heritage alive, but we are in need of management professionals and research experts devoted to the study of each," said Feng Jicai, who has been leading the national folk art rescue project since 2000 and made widespread investigations into intangible cultural heritage.

Feng Li, a researcher at the China Folk Literature and Art Association, said she completed her PhD at Tianjin University on environmental art with an orientation toward the protection of intangible cultural heritage, and she believes that it is quite necessary "for the country to initiate its own postgraduate programs for the protection of intangible cultural heritage".

"While I believe that experts should possess a solid knowledge of anthropology and folk art and have a passion for exploration, being out in the field, something advocated by Feng Jicai, is what a true expert should do," she added.

Early last year, the Ministry of Education announced that it had registered the major in the national list of undergraduate programs, and in late March, Lanzhou University in Gansu province announced that it would set up an undergraduate program in intangible cultural heritage.

Wei Guoqiu, an inheritor of Kite Wei, a time-honored folk kite brand in Tianjin, said that he is encouraged by such efforts.

"Every year, I spend a lot of time promoting kite craftsmanship everywhere from primary schools to universities," the 61-year-old said. "The more students and teachers love the craft, the more I can contribute."

He noted that in comparison, South Korea and Japan have made great strides in training experts for each of their examples of intangible heritage. "To quench the thirst for professionals and experts, the subject should be given greater emphasis," he added.